如何在 CentOS 7.x 上安装 MySQL 5.7

1. 安装mysql5.7

CentOS6.x

使用中国科技大学镜像源：https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/

version=5.7.22-1  
curl -SLO https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-libs-${version}.el6.x86_64.rpm
curl -SLO https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-devel-${version}.el6.x86_64.rpm
curl -SLO https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-common-${version}.el6.x86_64.rpm
curl -SLO https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-server-${version}.el6.x86_64.rpm
curl -SLO https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-client-${version}.el6.x86_64.rpm

yum -y remove mariadb*
yum -y install numactl
yum -y localinstall mysql-community-*.rpm

sed -i '/mysqld/a\user=mysql' /etc/my.cnf
chkconfig mysqld on
service mysqld start 
grep "temporary password" /var/log/mysqld.log
mysql_secure_installation
mysql -uroot -p

CentOS7.x

使用中国科技大学镜像源：https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/

version=5.7.22-1  
curl -SLO https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-libs-${version}.el7.x86_64.rpm
curl -SLO https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-devel-${version}.el7.x86_64.rpm
curl -SLO https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-common-${version}.el7.x86_64.rpm
curl -SLO https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-server-${version}.el7.x86_64.rpm
curl -SLO https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-client-${version}.el7.x86_64.rpm

yum -y remove mariadb*
yum -y install numactl
yum -y localinstall mysql-community-*.rpm

sed -i '/\[mysqld\]/a\performance_schema = ON' /etc/my.cnf
sed -i '/\[mysqld\]/a\user=mysql' /etc/my.cnf
sed -i '/mysql.sock/a\character_set_server = utf8' /etc/my.cnf

systemctl enable mysqld; systemctl start mysqld

#修改密码强度策略(一定要在上面那步初始化启动完成之后再修改)
sed -i '/mysql.sock/a\validate_password_policy = 0' /etc/my.cnf
systemctl restart mysqld

grep "temporary password" /var/log/mysqld.log | awk -F"localhost: " '{print $2}'
mysql_secure_installation
mysql -uroot -p

2、安装mysql5.5

Remine 只支持mysql5.0-5.5，mysql>=5.6 有问题，详见官方说明https://www.redmine.org/projects/redmine/wiki/RedmineInstall/ 使用中国科技大学镜像源：https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads

 wget https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/MySQL-5.5.55-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
 tar xf MySQL*
 rpm -ivh MySQL*.rpm
 chkconfig mysqld on
 service mysqld start
 mysql_secure_installation

3. 报错问题

1、无法连接到服务器：Table ‘performance_schema.session_variables’ doesn’t exist

#先在配置文件开启performance_schema
[mysqld]
performance_schema=ON

#再登录mysql更新库表：
mysql_upgrade -u root -p --force

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36746677/table-performance-schema-session-variables-doesnt-exist https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/performance-schema-quick-start.html

2、Fatal error: mysql.user table is damaged. Please run mysql_upgrade

执行时 mysql_upgrade -u root -p --force 却提示因mysqld没有启动而无法连接到mysql，岂不是进入了死局？

还好stackoverflow 找到了答案:先跳过授权启动mysqld：
mysqld --skip-grant-tables

如果依然提示 mysql_upgrade: Got error: 2002: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock'

需要修改配置文件，指定mysql的进程位置：

[client]
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

然后新开一个克隆窗口，执行

mysql_upgrade -u root -p

完成后就可以了正常启动mysqld 了，最后pkill mysqld ，使用正常方式启动：

service mysqld start

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36156475/mysqld-doesnt-start-after-brew-upgrade-from-5-6-to-5-7 https://serverfault.com/questions/527422/mysql-upgrade-is-failing-with-no-real-reason-given

3、1 of ORDER BY clause is not in GROUP BY clause and contains nonaggregated column

==’information_schema.PROFILING.SEQ’ which is not functionally dependent on columns in GROUP BY clause; this is incompatible with sql_mode=only_full_group_by==

vim /etc/my.cnf

sql_mode=""

4、忘记root密码

使用非root用户启动mysqld 在配置文件中添加

[mysqld]
user=mysql

update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('123456') where user='root' and Host ='localhost';

http://blog.csdn.net/xinliuqianxue/article/details/52156568

5、You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('xxxxxx#345');
ALTER USER root@'localhost' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
flush privileges;

6、[ERROR] Fatal error: Please read “Security” section of the manual to find out how to run mysqld as root!

在my.cnf文件中，指定user=mysql;

7、ERROE –initialize specified but the data directory has files in it

每次重启都会提示，数据已经存在了，但是我的进程并没有启动，而且手动删除了 /var/lib/mysql 下的数据，这是为什么呢？

systemctl status mysqld.service 显示服务启动失败，并且有上面的提示；

tail -f /var/log/mysqld.log 发现不断在刷日志；

ps -ef | grep mysql 竟然有进程存在，见鬼了。

[root@izm5eg3yspb12eu8z0ocfsz ~]# ps -ef | grep mysql
mysql    15669     1  0 11:50 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
mysql    15672     1  0 11:50 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
root     15687  1260  0 11:50 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql

参考文档

http://www.tecmint.com/install-latest-mysql-on-rhel-centos-and-fedora/ https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-mysql-on-centos-7